Monday, December 28, 2015

Thread Interaction using wait and notify- Producer and Consumer


Wait() method can be used for multithread-synchronization i.e. wait() method is used for inter-thread communication.

When wait() called, Current thread relinquishes the lock and give to another Thread and comes into play when another thread notify the current thread to continue

wait can be "woken up" by another thread calling notify on the monitor which is being waited on whereas a sleep cannot. Also a wait (and notify) must happen in a block synchronized on the monitor object whereas sleep does not:

Object mon = ...;
synchronized (mon) {
    mon.wait();
}

At this point the currently executing thread waits and releases the monitor. Another thread may do

synchronized (mon) { mon.notify(); }

(On the same mon object) and the first thread (assuming it is the only thread waiting on the monitor) will wake up.

public class ProducerConsumerWN {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        
          final Processor1 processor=new Processor1();
          Thread t1 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
               @Override
               public void run() {
                    try {
                          processor.producer();
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                          e.printStackTrace();
                    }
               }

          });

          Thread t2 = new Thread(new Runnable() {
               @Override
               public void run() {
                    try {
                          processor.consumer();
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                          e.printStackTrace();
                    }
               }

          });
          t1.start();
          t2.start();
          t1.join();
          t2.join();
    }
}

class Processor1 {
     public void producer() throws InterruptedException {
        synchronized (this) {
             System.out.println("Lock acquired by" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
             System.out.println("Producer Thread running");
             this.wait();
             System.out.println("Resumed");
             System.out.println("Lock released by" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
        }
  }
     public void consumer() throws InterruptedException {
        Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
        Thread.sleep(2000);
        synchronized (this) {
             System.out.println("Lock acquired by"+ Thread.currentThread().getName());
             System.out.println("Waiting for return hit");
             scan.nextLine();
             this.notify();
             System.out.println("Lock released by" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
             Thread.sleep(5000);
        }
  }
}

Output:
Lock acquired byThread-0
Producer Thread running
Lock acquired byThread-1
Waiting for return hit

Lock released byThread-1
5 sec wait
Resumed
Lock released byThread-0


EXAMPLE 2- WHERE RESULT PRINTS ONLY WHEN CALCULATION COMPLETES



package com.java5.executor;

public class Calculation {

     public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
           ThreadA threadA = new ThreadA();
           threadA.start();
           /*we need to put a lock here and wake up only when
            * below calculation completes than means below thread
            * notify*/
           synchronized(threadA) {
                System.out.println("Putting thread in wait so as to complete calculation");
                threadA.wait();
                System.out.println("Total is " + threadA.total);
           }
     }
}

class ThreadA extends Thread {
     long total=1;
     public void run() {
           synchronized(this){
           for (int i = 1; i < 20; i++) {
                total = total * i;
           }
           this.notify();
      }
     }
}


Output

Putting thread in wait so as to complete calculation

Total is 121645100408832000

References

http://howtodoinjava.com/core-java/multi-threading/how-to-work-with-wait-notify-and-notifyall-in-java/
http://javarevisited.blogspot.in/2013/12/inter-thread-communication-in-java-wait-notify-example.html

1 comment:

  1. Could use lamda instead of Annonymous class

    Thread t1 = new Thread(() -> processor.producer());
    Thread t2 = new Thread(() -> processor.consumer());

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